Civil Litigation Process: Step by Step

# Civil Litigation Process: Step by Step

Civil litigation can be complex and costly. Understanding the process will help you make informed decisions.

## Process Phases

### 1. Pre-trial Phase
- **Initial consultation**: Case evaluation
- **Mediation**: Extrajudicial resolution attempts
- **Preparation**: Evidence gathering

### 2. Filing Phase
- **Filing**: Lawsuit submission
- **Admission**: Court resolution
- **Service**: Defendant notification

### 3. Answer Phase
- **Deadline**: 20 business days
- **Exceptions**: Defendant allegations
- **Counterclaim**: If applicable

### 4. Evidence Phase
- **Documentary evidence**: Contracts, invoices, etc.
- **Expert evidence**: Technical reports
- **Testimonies**: Witnesses and parties

### 5. Conclusions Phase
- **Briefs**: Final allegations
- **Oral hearing**: If applicable
- **Deliberation**: Court resolution

## Practical Tips

- **Document everything**: Keep detailed records
- **Act quickly**: Respect procedural deadlines
- **Seek advice**: Specialized legal counsel is key
- **Consider alternatives**: Mediation may be more efficient

## Conclusion

Civil litigation requires patience, documentation, and professional advice. Proper preparation increases success chances.